Types of Network
MANET
Characteristics of MANET
Types of MANET
Simulation of MANET
Routing algorithms
Routing Protocols
Applications of MANET
Advantages
Drawbacks
Types of Mobile Networks
Infrastructure networks
Infrastructureless networks
Infrastructure Networks
MANET
Characteristics of MANET
Types of MANET
Simulation of MANET
Routing algorithms
Routing Protocols
Applications of MANET
Advantages
Drawbacks
Types of Mobile Networks
Infrastructure networks
Infrastructureless networks
Infrastructure Networks
It is based on the cellular concept and It
has good infrastructure .
In infrastructure network the mobile devices
are communicating with the others through
base stations connected to the fixed
network infrastructure.
Infrastructure Networks
Infrastructureless Networks
infrastructureless network the mobile
wireless network is commonly known as
mobile adhoc network (MANET).
No pre existing Infrastructure
Ad hoc Network
A network connection established for a single session
Nodes have limited transmission range
Nodes act as a routers
Adhoc means "for this purpose."
MANET
MANET stands for "Mobile Ad Hoc Network."
A type of ad hoc network that can change locations and configure itself on the fly for a special purpose.
Nodes are mobile
Manet can be stand alone or can be connected to internet
Characteristics of MANET
Infrastructure-less or with minimum infrastructure support.
Self-organizing and self-managing.
Most or all of the nodes are mobile.
Wireless communication.
Network topology changes dynamically
.
Node is working as a host and a router.
Multi-hop.
iMANET
ad hoc networks that link mobile nodes and fixed Internet-gateway nodes.
Simulation of MAnet
network simulation is a technique where a program models the behavior of a network by calculating the interaction between the different network entities using mathematical formulas
Two Ways to develop Simulations of MANET
Custom platform
One’s own simulation
Simulators
OMNeT++
It is a component-based, modular and open-architecture framework.
It is written in C++
OPNET
“Optimized Network Engineering Tools”
Proposed by MIT
It is actually the most widely used commercial simulation environment
NetSim or NS2
It is written in C++ and Python
Routing Algorithms
LINK STATE
Each node maintains a view of the network topology with a cost for each link
Periodically broadcast link costs to its outgoing links to all other nodes such as flooding
.
Distance Vector
Distributed Bellman-Ford
Every node maintains a routing table
Periodically send table to all neighbors to maintain topology
Adhoc Routing protocols
How nodes decide which way to route packets between computing devices in a mobile ad hoc network.
A new node may announce its presence and should listen for announcements broadcast by its neighbors
3 types of Routing
Pro active Routing
Reactive Routing
Hybrid Routing
Proactive Routing
Table –driven
DSDV Protocol
Each node maintains routing information for all known destinations
Routing information must be updated periodically
DSDV (Table Entries)
Sequence number originated from destination. Ensures
loop freeness.
Install Time when entry was made (used to delete stale entries from table)
Stable Data Pointer to a table holding information on how stable a route is. Used to damp fluctuations in network.
DSDV (Route Advertisements)
Advertise to each neighbor own routing information
Destination Address
Metric = Number of Hops to Destination
Destination Sequence Number
Rules to set sequence number information
On each advertisement increase own destination sequence number (use only even numbers)
If a node is no more reachable (timeout) increase sequence number of this node by 1 (odd sequence number) and set metric =
DSDV (Route Selection)
Update information is compared to its own routing table
1. Select route with higher destination sequence number (This ensure to use always newest information from destination)
2. Select the route with better metric when sequence numbers are equal.
Routing Protocols
Reactive Routing
A route is discovered when it is necessary
Eg.of Reactive Routing
DSR,ADOV,TORA
Hybrid Routing
The routing is initially established with some proactively prospected routes and then serves the demand from additionally activated nodes through reactive flooding.
Infrastructure Networks
Infrastructureless Networks
infrastructureless network the mobile
wireless network is commonly known as
mobile adhoc network (MANET).
No pre existing Infrastructure
Ad hoc Network
A network connection established for a single session
Nodes have limited transmission range
Nodes act as a routers
Adhoc means "for this purpose."
MANET
MANET stands for "Mobile Ad Hoc Network."
A type of ad hoc network that can change locations and configure itself on the fly for a special purpose.
Nodes are mobile
Manet can be stand alone or can be connected to internet
Characteristics of MANET
Infrastructure-less or with minimum infrastructure support.
Self-organizing and self-managing.
Most or all of the nodes are mobile.
Wireless communication.
Network topology changes dynamically
.
Node is working as a host and a router.
Multi-hop.
Types of MANET
VANET
InVANET
iMANET
VANET
Vehicular Adhoc Network
Allows vehicles to communicate with roadside equipment
The wireless roadside equipment may be connected to the Internet, allowing data from the vehicles to be sent over the Internet.
The vehicle data may be used to measure traffic conditions or keep track of trucking fleets
InVANET
It is a kind of artificial intelligence that helps vehicles to behave in intelligent manners during vehicle-to-vehicle collisions, accidents, drunken driving etc
iMANET
ad hoc networks that link mobile nodes and fixed Internet-gateway nodes.
Simulation of MAnet
network simulation is a technique where a program models the behavior of a network by calculating the interaction between the different network entities using mathematical formulas
Two Ways to develop Simulations of MANET
Custom platform
One’s own simulation
Simulators
OMNeT++
It is a component-based, modular and open-architecture framework.
It is written in C++
OPNET
“Optimized Network Engineering Tools”
Proposed by MIT
It is actually the most widely used commercial simulation environment
NetSim or NS2
It is written in C++ and Python
Routing Algorithms
LINK STATE
Each node maintains a view of the network topology with a cost for each link
Periodically broadcast link costs to its outgoing links to all other nodes such as flooding
.
Distance Vector
Distributed Bellman-Ford
Every node maintains a routing table
Periodically send table to all neighbors to maintain topology
Adhoc Routing protocols
How nodes decide which way to route packets between computing devices in a mobile ad hoc network.
A new node may announce its presence and should listen for announcements broadcast by its neighbors
3 types of Routing
Pro active Routing
Reactive Routing
Hybrid Routing
Proactive Routing
Table –driven
DSDV Protocol
Each node maintains routing information for all known destinations
Routing information must be updated periodically
DSDV (Table Entries)
Sequence number originated from destination. Ensures
loop freeness.
Install Time when entry was made (used to delete stale entries from table)
Stable Data Pointer to a table holding information on how stable a route is. Used to damp fluctuations in network.
DSDV (Route Advertisements)
Advertise to each neighbor own routing information
Destination Address
Metric = Number of Hops to Destination
Destination Sequence Number
Rules to set sequence number information
On each advertisement increase own destination sequence number (use only even numbers)
If a node is no more reachable (timeout) increase sequence number of this node by 1 (odd sequence number) and set metric =
DSDV (Route Selection)
Update information is compared to its own routing table
1. Select route with higher destination sequence number (This ensure to use always newest information from destination)
2. Select the route with better metric when sequence numbers are equal.
Routing Protocols
Reactive Routing
A route is discovered when it is necessary
Eg.of Reactive Routing
DSR,ADOV,TORA
Hybrid Routing
The routing is initially established with some proactively prospected routes and then serves the demand from additionally activated nodes through reactive flooding.
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